Model Regulations for the Control of Land Subdivision

Viewed in this framework of the changing needs of land use controls, this article will endeavor to show how subdivision regulations can be successfully utilized to accomplish a community\u27s goals and objectives. Our purpose will be to indicate the problems concerning subdivision regulations in Missouri and to suggest various solutions based on existing legislation. This article will also present proposals for statutory revision, analysis of judicial decisions, and lastly, the provisions of a set of model subdivision regulations. The model covers all possible situations with which a governing body or administrative agency may be faced and incorporates requirements suited to meet each community\u27s respective needs. There are many areas of Missouri law in this field which require clarification. New concepts such as money-in-lieu of land, excess facilities, and compulsory dedications will have to be accorded judicial scrutiny and clarification. The model regulations have, however, been drafted in a form suited for immediate adoption by municipalities and counties

Economic Development and Public Transit: Making the Most of the Washington Growth Management Act

Rapid and unplanned urban growth in the urbanizing and rural fringe areas of the United States has led to numerous problems for state, local, and regional governments. In particular, six crises are readily identifiable, each of which threatens to undermine quality of life and local competitive economic advantage. These crises include the following: (1) deterioration of central cities, first-ring suburbs, and closer-in neighborhoods, resulting in depopulation and abandonment of housing and the employment base; (2) spiraling suburban sprawl, creating massive infrastructure as well as energy costs; (3) loss of prime agricultural lands; (4) environmental crises and threats to open space, air and water quality, environmentally sensitive lands, and natural resources; (5) transportation congestion and resultant loss of quality of life; and (6) inflating cost of housing and its effect on affordable housing. These problems do not lend themselves to facile solutions or quick fixes; they must be addressed through the development and application of comprehensive state and regional growth management plans. This Article explores the history and development of growth management and delineates how growth management planning for the Washington Puget Sound region can be effectively implemented to provide a comprehensive system for attaining environmental and transit objectives

Economic Development and Public Transit: Making the Most of the Washington Growth Management Act

Rapid and unplanned urban growth in the urbanizing and rural fringe areas of the United States has led to numerous problems for state, local, and regional governments. In particular, six crises are readily identifiable, each of which threatens to undermine quality of life and local competitive economic advantage. These crises include the following: (1) deterioration of central cities, first-ring suburbs, and closer-in neighborhoods, resulting in depopulation and abandonment of housing and the employment base; (2) spiraling suburban sprawl, creating massive infrastructure as well as energy costs; (3) loss of prime agricultural lands; (4) environmental crises and threats to open space, air and water quality, environmentally sensitive lands, and natural resources; (5) transportation congestion and resultant loss of quality of life; and (6) inflating cost of housing and its effect on affordable housing. These problems do not lend themselves to facile solutions or quick fixes; they must be addressed through the development and application of comprehensive state and regional growth management plans. This Article explores the history and development of growth management and delineates how growth management planning for the Washington Puget Sound region can be effectively implemented to provide a comprehensive system for attaining environmental and transit objectives

ECMWF and ERS-1 Surface Winds over the Arabian Sea during July 1995

The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and Institut Francais Pour la Recherche et l’Exploitation de la Mer European Remote-Sensing Satellite, named IFR2, surface wind velocity data products are compared during July 1995 over the Arabian Sea. Substantial differences were found. The central positions of the maximum isotach were separated by 450 km, and the ECMWF maximum isotach was 2 m s⁻¹ higher than that of IFR2. IFR2 wind components contained about 10 times more variance than ECMWF winds for horizontal distances from 50 to 250 km. Along the 8.5°N southern boundary of the Arabian Sea, ECMWF southward Ekman transport was higher than that of IFR2 by an amount that could be observed with current measurements. The ECMWF and IFR2 difference in upward transport of water into the Ekman layer, computed from wind stress curl, was large enough to measure

An optical technique for the measurement of longshore currents

We present an optical method (optical current meter) to measure the longshore component of nearshore surface currents by measuring the alongshore drift of persistent sea foam in the surf zone. The method uses short time series of video data collected from an alongshore array of pixels. These space-time data are first Fourier transformed to a frequency-wave number spectrum and, finally, to a velocity spectrum. A model of the velocity spectrum is fit to the observed spectrum to estimate the foam drift velocity. Confidence intervals and other measures of the input and output data quality are calculated. Field test comparisons were made against an in situ bidirectional electromagnetic current meter on the basis of 1 month of video data from the 1997 Sandy Duck field experiment. The root mean square error between the two approaches was 0.10 m/s. Linear regression analysis showed the gain between the two instruments to not be statistically different from one. Differences between the surface and interior measurements were compared to forcing mechanisms that may cause surface velocity shear. Velocity offsets and alongshore wind stress were well correlated for cases when waves and wind were not aligned to within ±45°, when wind- and wave-forced currents are reasonably separable. Calculated wind-dependent surface current shear, modeled as a surface boundary layer, correlated well with the observed velocity offsets for observations of nonalignment between wind and waves. This technique can be applied to study large-scale coastal behavior

An optical technique for the measurement of longshore currents

We present an optical method (optical current meter) to measure the longshore component of nearshore surface currents by measuring the alongshore drift of persistent sea foam in the surf zone. The method uses short time series of video data collected from an alongshore array of pixels. These space-time data are first Fourier transformed to a frequency-wave number spectrum and, finally, to a velocity spectrum. A model of the velocity spectrum is fit to the observed spectrum to estimate the foam drift velocity. Confidence intervals and other measures of the input and output data quality are calculated. Field test comparisons were made against an in situ bidirectional electromagnetic current meter on the basis of 1 month of video data from the 1997 Sandy Duck field experiment. The root mean square error between the two approaches was 0.10 m/s. Linear regression analysis showed the gain between the two instruments to not be statistically different from one. Differences between the surface and interior measurements were compared to forcing mechanisms that may cause surface velocity shear. Velocity offsets and alongshore wind stress were well correlated for cases when waves and wind were not aligned to within ±45°, when wind- and wave-forced currents are reasonably separable. Calculated wind-dependent surface current shear, modeled as a surface boundary layer, correlated well with the observed velocity offsets for observations of nonalignment between wind and waves. This technique can be applied to study large-scale coastal behavior

Model Subdivision Regulations 2nd Edition

xvi, 375 hlm., bibl., 25 c